(b)
What are emulsions? Write two applications of emulsification.
Answer:
(a) Hardy-SchuIze
rule: According to this rule, "The capacity of an electrolyte to cause
coagulation (or floculation) of a sol depends upon the member of charges
(valency) on the ion having charge opposite to that possessed by the
sol particles, but is independent of the charges on the ion having similar
charge." 1
Therefore, coagulating power of positive ions should follow
the order:
(b) Emulsions are the colloidal solutions of two immiscible
liquids in which the liquid acts as the dispersed phase as well as the
dispersion medium. Normally, they are obtained by mixing oil with
water.
Application of emulsification:
(i) The various pharmaceuticals available in liquid form
such as cod-liver oil, B-complex etc are emulsions of water in oil type.
(ii) The cleansing action of soap is based upon the
formation of oil-in-water type emulsion.
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