question_answer

Direction: In the question, two / three statements followed by two conclusion numbered I and II have been given. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements

Some pilots are captains,

Some captains are officers.

Conclusions

I. No pilot is an officer.

II. All officers being pilots is a possibility.

 

A)  if both the Conclusion I and Conclusion II follow

B)  if neither Conclusion I nor Conclusion II follows

C)  if only Conclusion I follows

D)  if only Conclusion II follows

E)  if either Conclusion I or Conclusion II follows

Correct Answer: D

Solution :

    

(i) All pants are trousers \[\to \]Universal Affirmative (A-type).

(ii) Some patents are copyrights Particular Affirmative (I-type).

(iii) No luggage is a store \[\to \]Universal Negative (E-type).

(iv) Some luggage are not stores\[\to \]Particular Negative (O-type).

 Both the Premises are Particular Affirmative (I-type). No Conclusion follows from the two Particular Premises. Venn diagrams of "Some pilots are captains??. Or Venn diagrams of ?Some captains are officers?. After combining Venn diagrams II and V, we get Thus. Conclusion II follows.