Answer:
(a) Chemical properties of metals: (i) Metals react with oxygen to produce oxides which are alkaline in nature. e.g., \[\begin{align} & 2Mg\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{{O}_{2}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\to \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,2MgO \\ & Magnesium\,\,\,\,\,\,Oxygen\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Magnesium\,\,Oxide \\ \end{align}\] (ii) Metallic oxides produce bases by reacting with water differently. \[\begin{align} & \,\,\,\,\,N{{a}_{2}}O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{{H}_{2}}O\,\,\to \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,2NaOH \\ & Sodium\,\,oxide\,\,\,\,\,\,Weter\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Sodium\,\,hydroxide\, \\ \end{align}\] (iii) Metals react with acid to produce hydrogen gas. \[\begin{align} & 2HCI\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,2Na\,\,\,\,\,\,\to \,\,2NaCI\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,\,{{H}_{2}} \\ & Hydrochloric\,\,acid\,\,\,\,\,\,Sodium\,\,\,\,\,\,Sodium\,\,chloride\,\,\,\,Hydrogen\, \\ \end{align}\] (iv) More reactive metals displace the less reactive metals from their compounds in an aqueous solution. \[\begin{align} & CuS{{o}_{4}}\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Zn\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\to \,\,\,\,\,\,ZnS{{O}_{4}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Cu\, \\ & Copper\,\,Sulpahte\,\,\,\,\,\,Zinc\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Zinc\,Sulphate\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Copper\, \\ \end{align}\] (b) Chemical properties of Non-metals: (i) Non-metals react with oxygen to produce oxides which are acidic in nature. \[\begin{align} & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,S\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{{O}_{2\,}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\to \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,S{{O}_{2}} \\ & Sulphur\,\,\,\,\,\,Oxygen\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Sulphur\,dioxide\, \\ \end{align}\] \[\begin{align} & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,S{{O}_{2}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,+\,\,\,{{H}_{2}}O\,\,\,\,\to \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{3}} \\ & Sulphur\,dioxide\,\,\,\,Water\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Sulphurous\,\,Acid \\ \end{align}\] (ii) Non-metals do not react with water. (iii) Non-metals do not show displacement reactions.
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