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In order to protect rights of minorities in both the countries, an agreement was entered between both the Governments on 8.4.1950, which was commonly known as Nehru Liyaquat agreement. This agreement was done between the two Governments after Incidents of mass level loot, destruction of property, killing of people, kidnapping and rapes of women in both the countries recently after division with the migrating people. In order to bring harmony among the people of both minorities and majority communities and to punish the offenders and to protect personal and property rights of migrating people it was decided by both the Governments that they shall ensure to the minorities throughout their territories complete equality of citizenship, irrespective of religion, a full sense of security in respect of life, culture, property and personal honour, freedom of movement within each country and freedom of occupation, speech and worship subject to law and morality. Members of minorities -shall have equal opportunity with members of the majority community to participate in the public life of their country, to hold political or other office and to serve in their country’'s civil and armed forces. Both Governments declare these rights, to be fundamental and undertake to enforce them effectively. It is policy of both Governments that the enjoyment of these democratic rights shall be assured to all their nationals without distinction. Both governments wish to emphasize that the allegiance and loyalty of the minorities is to the State of which they are citizens and that is to the Government of their own State that they should look for the redress of their grievances.

By this agreement it was also agreed by the Governments of both the countries that they shall ensure freedom of movement and protection in transit, rights of their moveable and immoveable properties, to restore their immoveable properties if they return till 31.12.1950. Especially in East Bengal, West Bengal, Assam and Tripura to establish Special Courts to restore normal life and to punish the offenders, to restore looted property and abducted women, not to recognize forced conversions, to appoint Commission of Inquiry with a high Court Judge as its head, at once, to enquire into causes and extent of disturbances, to appoint Minority Commissions to look into the grievances and welfare of minorities.

The three neighbouring countries of India i.e. Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh are Islamic countries by their Constitution, but still in the Constitution or in the Citizenship Acts of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh there is no apparent discrimination with the minorities to get citizenship, right to vote, right to profess religion or to enjoy other rights equally with that of majority, seats are reserved for non Muslims in their National and Provincial Assemblies. But by comparing census data of these countries and media reports there is steep depletion in percentage of non Muslim population in these countries in last few decades, due to atrocities religious persecution, however claim of the Governments of these countries are quite contrary.

India is a secular country unlike neighbouring Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh. From this

A) It can be concluded that minorities are safer in India in comparison to these countries

B) It can be concluded that minorities do not enjoy equal rights in these countries

C) It can be concluded that minority is a complex issue in these countries

D) There is no apparent discrimination with minorities in these countries according to their constitutions.