A) these give unionised acid or base on reaction with added acid or alkali
B) acids and alkalies in these solutions are shielded from attack by other ions
C) they have large excess of \[{{H}^{+}}\] or \[O{{H}^{-}}\] ions
D) they have fixed value of Ph
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
If small amount of an acid or alkali is added to a buffer solution, it converts them into unionized acid or base. Thus, its pH remains unaffected or in other words its acidity/alkalinity remains constant, e.g., \[{{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}}+{{A}^{-}}{{H}_{2}}O+HA\] \[^{-}OH+HA\xrightarrow[{}]{{}}{{H}_{2}}O+{{A}^{-}}\] If acid is added, it reacts with A- to form undissociated HA: Similarly, if base/alkali is added, \[O{{H}^{-}}\] combines with HA to give H2O and A- and thus, maintains the acidity/alkalinity of buffer solution.
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