A) sodium
B) 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine
C) litmus paper
D) Tollen's reagent
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
Key Idea: The reagent which is used to distinguish the substances should produce different results. For clue draw structure of both. \[\underset{formic\,\,acid}{\mathop{H-\overset{\begin{smallmatrix} O \\ || \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{C}}\,-OH}}\,\] \[\underset{acetic\,\,acid}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}-\overset{\begin{smallmatrix} O \\ || \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{C}}\,-OH}}\,\] Formic acid has \[-CHO\] group so it gives all tests of aldehyde group and \[C{{H}_{3}}COOH\] does not give. \[\underset{formic\,\,acid}{\mathop{HCOOH}}\,+AgN{{O}_{3}}+N{{H}_{3}}\xrightarrow{{}}\] \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} silver \\ mirror \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{Ag}}\,+C{{O}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}O\] 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine test is given by carbonyl compounds.
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