A) Nitrosomonas
B) Nitrobacter
C) Pseudomonas
D) Clostridium
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Nitrification is the phenomenon of conversion of ammonium to nitrate. In the first step, the ammonium ions are oxidized to nitrites by Nitrosococcus, Nitrosomonas. The nitrites are changed to nitrate in the second step by Nitrocystis, Nitrobacter. \[2N{{H}_{3}}+3{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow[\text{Nitrosomonas}]{\text{Nitrosococcus}}2NO_{2}^{-}+2{{H}^{+}}+\,2{{H}_{2}}O\]\[2NO_{2}^{-}+{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow{\text{Nitrobacter}}2NO_{3}^{-}\] Under anaerobic conditions some micro- organisms use nitrate and other oxidised ions as source of oxygen and reduced to gaseous compounds of nitrogen, the process called denitrification. The common bacterium causing devitrification are Pseudomonas denitrificans, Thiobacillus denitrificans. Clostridium is anaerobic, free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
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