A) Downs syndrome
B) Turners syndrome
C) Sickle cell anaemia
D) Klinefelters syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
| Abnormality | Cause | Characteristic |
| Downs syndrome Turners syndrome Minefelters syndrome Sickle cell anaemia | Trisomy of 21st autosome (45 A + XX/XY) Non-disjunction of sex chromosome \[\left( \begin{align} & \text{2n }=\text{ 45} \\ & \text{44A}~+\text{ XO} \\ \end{align} \right)\] Non-disjunction of sex chromosome \[\left( \begin{align} & \,\,\,\,\,\,\text{2n }=\text{ 47} \\ & \text{44A }+\text{ XXY} \\ \end{align} \right)\] Molecular gene mutation of gene \[H{{b}^{A}}\] | Mental retardation, prominent head, flattened nasal bridge, habitually open mouth and projecting lower lips Sterile female, webbed neck, no breast development, no menstruation or egg production Gynecomastia in males, Mentally defective testes underdeveloped Sickle- shaped RBCs, do not transport \[{{O}_{2}}\] efficiently |
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