Answer:
The spread of Islamic religion in. the sub - continent can be attributed to various factors such as merchants, kings, religious practices etc. Arab merchants frequented ports along the western coast and Central Asian peoples settled m the north-western pans of the subcontinent the seventh century. With the advent or Islam, these regions became part of the Islamic world. Religion of the ruling elite always matters because the ruling elite generally propagate their own religion and people convert to that religion in order to exempt from taxes etc. Example; In 711 an Arab general Muhammad Qasim conquered Sind, the Turks and Afghans established the Delhi Sultanate, Sultanates in Deccan, Mughal etc. Theoretically, Muslim rulers were to be guided by the ulama, who were expected to ensure that they ruled according to the Sharia. Thus there was propagation of Islam... Since Indian subcontinent was divided along caste lines and there was widespread inequality among masses so Islam appealed to these people- because Islam is egalitarian in theiry i.e., it treats everybody as equal.
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