question_answer

Write in detail about the physiological changes taking place due to ageing.

Answer:

The physiological changes, due to ageing, which take place are mentioned herein:

(i) Changes in Nervous System: The reaction time and movement time slow down with increase of age. The brain waits, the size of its network and its blood flow decreases with age.

(ii) Change in Gastro - intestinal System: With an increase in age, there is a reduction in the production of Hydrochloric acid. Digestive Enzymes and Saliva. These changes may result in delayed emptying of the stomach, impaired swallowing. The breakdown and absorption of food may also be impaired. The liver becomes less efficient in metabolising drugs and repairing damages liver cells.

(iii) Changes in Urinal system: With an increase, image the mass of the kidney decreases, which leads to reduction in blood filtration by the kidneys. The capacity of the bladders decreases and there is an increase in residual urine. This increases the chance of urinal infections.

(iv) Changes in Senses: With an advance in age, the senses such as vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch may become less active. Vision and hearing are affected the most by ageing. The taste buds are reduced with age. So, they loose interest in food.

(v) Change in Respiratory System: Pulmonary function is impaired with advancing age. The airways and lung tissues become less elastic and less efficient. There is decrease in the oxygen uptake and oxygen exchange.

(vi) Change in Fitness: The elasticity of tendons, ligaments and joint capsules decrease with ageing. The range of the movements is restricted and muscle mass decreases as the age increases. This leads a decrease in flexibility, endurance, strength and speed along with a shortness of breath, blood flow, enzymes etc.