question_answer

Describe any three areas of tension which are yet to be solved to retain unity in diversity in India.

Or

Describe any three elements of growing consensus among most of the political parties of India after 1989.

Answer:

India adopted a democratic approach to the question of diversity. It allows the political expressions of regional aspirations and does not look upon them as anti - national. But there are problems in unity in diversity.

(i) Problems in Kashmir valley have not been resolved until now. Some Kashmiris want to be a part of India and some Muslims want to be a part of Pakistan.

(ii) In some parts of North-East there was no consensus about being a part of India.

(iii) Nagaland and them Mizoram witnessed strong movements demanding separation from India. In the south some groups from the Dravid movement briefly toyed with the idea of a separate country.

Or

After 1989 three elements or growing consensus among most of the political parties are:

(i) The defeat of the Congress party marked me end of Congress era of mutli - party system has begun so, Alliance Politics was seen. In different elections coalition government was made after 1989. A long phase of coalition politics began.

(ii) The nineties also saw the emergence of powerful parties and movements that represented the Dalit and backward classes. Many of these parties represented powerful regional assertion as well. First coalition government came to power in 1996. BJP did not support it but it was supported by the Congress.

(iii) Many other parties at the national level were formed viz., Janta party, Bhartiya Kranti Dal and Sanyukta Socialist Party. Some parties had a powerful rural base among sections of OBC. In election it has become necessary to reserves quota for OBC.