Answer:
Struggles in Nepal and Bolivia. Democracy almost invariably involves conflict of interests and viewpoints. These differences are often expressed in organised ways. In Nepal and Bolivia struggles around conflicting demands and pressures shaped democracy. Movement in Nepal (i) Nepal witnessed an extraordinary popular movement in April 2006. (ii) Nepal won democracy in 1990. The king formally remained the head of the state and the real power was exercised by the elected representatives. But when king Gyanendra became the new king of Nepal in 2001, he did not accept democratic rule. Then people revolted against him and started a movement in April 2006 to regain popular control over the government from the king. Finally, the king granted the demands. As a result, the parliament was restored and laws were passed to take away most of the powers of the king. Bolivia Water War (i) Bolivia is a small and poor country in Latin America. The World Bank pressurised the water supply. The government old of these rights to an MNC. The company immediately increased the prices four times. This led to serious agitation. Finally, the contract with MNC was cancelled and water supply was resorted to municipality at old rates. (ii) In both cases of Nepal and Bolivia, popular struggles were carried in different ways. In Bolivia, it was about one specific policy, while the struggle in Nepal was about the foundations of the country?s policies. In both cases, the struggle involved mass mobilisation.
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