A) effect of industrial pollution
B) effect of mutation
C) evidence of survival of fittest
D) evidence of favour of natural selection
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
Industrial melanism is an evidence in favour of natural selection. It is a popular effect of urban pollution known to be prominent in many different species of arthropods. The term industrial melanism explains the phenomenon of an organism evolving a dark pigmentation when exposed to an environment that is polluted by dark soot deposit and sulphuric buildup from industrial pollution. In these types of cases of industrial melanism, the darker pigmented individuals develop a higher fitness and are favoured by natural selection. This change in favouritism as a result of modification in selection pressure is one of the bestnoted cases of Darwinian evolution.
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