Answer:
Difference
between these are as follows
(a) Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Expiratory
Reserve Volume
It is the additional volume
of air, a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration. It ranges between
2500 mL to 3000 mL.
It is the additional volume
of air a person can expire by a forcible expiration. It ranges between 1000
mL to 1100 mL.
(b) Vital Capacity
Total Lung
Capacity
Vital capacity is the maximum
volume of air that a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. This
includes ERV, TV and IRV or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe
out after a forced inspiration, i.e., Vc = ERY + IRV + TV
Total using capacity is the
total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced
inspiration. This includes RV, ERV, TV and IRV or vital capacity + residual
volume. i.e., TLC = RV +(ERV +IRV +TV) or VC +RV
(c) Emphysema
Occupational
Respiratory Disorder
Emphysema is a chronic
disorder of respiratory system, in which alveolar cells are damaged due to
which regulatory respiratory surface is decreased. Cause of emphysema is
cigarette smoking.
It is caused due to the long
exposure of dust produced by stone grinding or breaking and give rise to
inflammation leading to fibrosis and thus causing serious lung damage.
Protective masks are provided
for the workers in such industries.
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