question_answer 11)

Illustrate the taxonomical hierarchy with suitable examples of a plant and an animal.

Answer:

Taxonomic hierarchy is the system of arrangement of taxonomic categories in a descending order depending upon their relative dimensions. It was introduced by Linnaeus (1751) and is therefore, also called Linnaeus hierarchy. Each category, referred to as a unit of classification, commonly called as taxon (pi. taxa), e.g., taxonomic categories and hierarchy can be illustrated by a group of organisms, i.e., insects. The common features of insects is 'three pair of jointed legs'. It means insects are recognizable objects which can be classified, so given a rank or category. Kingdom Phylum/Division Sub-phylum Class Order Family Genus Species   Category further denotes a rank. Each rank or taxon, represents a unit of classification taxonomic studies of all plants and animals led to the development of common 'categories such as kingdom, phylum or division (for plants) class, order, family, genus and species. All organisms, including tose in the plant and animal kingdoms have 'species' as the lowest category. To place an organism in various categories is to have the knowledge of characters of an individual or group of organism. This help to identity similarities and dissimilarities among the individual of the same kind of organisms as well as of other kinds of organism. Some organisms with their taxonomical categories are given in following table.   Organisms with their Taxonomic Categories

Common Name	Biological Name	Genus	Family	Order	Class	Phylum/Division
Man	Homo sapiens	Homo	Hominidae	Primata	Mammalia	Chordata
Housefly	Musca Domestica	Musca	Muscidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda
Mango	Mangifera indica	Mangifera	Anacardiaceae	Sapindales	Dicotyledonae	Angiospermae
Wheat	Triticum Aestivum	Triticum	Poaceae	Poales	Monocotyledonae	Angiospermae