Answer:
(i) The longest chain consists of eight
carbon atoms with a functional group as alcohol (-OH) on carbon atom 3. In
addition, a methyl group is attached at position 6.
Hence, the
systematic name of this compound is :
6-Methyloctan-3-ol.
(ii) The longest
chain consists of six carbon atoms with two functional groups as ketones at carbons
2 and 4.
Hence, the
systematic name is : Hexane-2,4-dione
(iii) The
two functional groups namely ketone and carboxylic acids are present. The
principal functional group is -COOH and the keto (or oxo) group is the
substituent functional group (at position 5). The longest chain
including the
principal
functional group has 6 carbon atoms.
Hence, the
systematic name is: 5 Oxohexanoic acid.
(iv) The
longest chain consists of six carbon atomswith two C = C functional group at
positions 1 and 3 and one \[C\equiv C\] at position 5.
Whenever
there is a choice in numbering, the double bond is given preference, therefore,
locants for diene are 1 and 3 and for yne is 5.
Hence, the
systematic name is:
Hexa-1,
3-dien-5-yne.
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