Answer:
Methods of weed control are
(i) Mechanical Methods The process of removing the
weeds from crop fields is called weeding. It is done by following
methods.
(a) Weeds may be pulled out by hand. Ploughing helps in
removing large number of the weeds.
(b) Before sowing or transplantation weeds are removed by
using a big comb called harrow. Harrow cannot be used in standing crops
because it will also uproot the crop plants.
The weeds which appear during the growth of crop plants
are removed manually by using a trowel (Khurpa).
(ii) Cultural Methods They include the following
methods, proper bed preparation timely sowing of crops, inter cropping and crop
rotation.
(iii) Chemical Methods Chemical weed killers,
called herbicides or weedicides, are sprayed on weeds to destroy
(kill) them. This is called chemical control of weeds.
Some common examples of weedicides are (i) 24-D (2,
4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid)
(ii) atraxine (iii) Siuchloralin (iv) isoproturon.
(iv) Bioiogica Control Biological control of weeds
involves the deliberate use of insects or some other organism which consume and
specifically destroy the weed plants.
The best Indian example of bioiogical control is
eradication of prickly pear cactus (Opuntia) by using the cochineal insects in
Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
Generally, a combination of one or more or these weed
control methods are employed to get good results. Aquatic weeds are controlled
by the fish grass carp.
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