Answer:
The dairy cattle is given a balanced ration, which
contains all nutrients in proportionate amounts, A ration is the amount of food
which is given to the animal during a twenty-four hour period.
The animal feed includes two types of substances
(i) Roughage It largely contains fibres such as green
fodder, silage, hay (straw of sereals) and legumes, (e.g., berseem, lucerne,
cow pea and agathi)
(ii) Concentrates The concentrates used in feed of cattle
and bufalloes are a mixture of substances which are rich in one or more of the
nutrients, e.g., cotton seeds oil seeds, grains of maize, oats, barley jowar,
bajra, gram and their byproducts such as wheat bran, rice bran (polish), gram
husk, oil seed cakes and molasses.
1. Green fodder and dry grasses (roughage) = 15 to 20 kg
2. Grain mixture (concentrates) = 4 to 5 kg
3. Water 30 to 35 litres.
Besides above mentioned nutritious food material, dairy
animals require certain additive feeds, promote the growth of the animals which
contain antibiotic, minerals, and hormones, facilitate good yield of milk and
protects them from diseases.
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