NCERT Summary - States of Matter
Category : 6th Class
States of Matter
(i) Solids (stone, wood, iron, etc.)
(ii) Liquids (water, oil, milk, etc.)
(iii) Gases (oxygen, air, vapour, etc.)
Solids: In a solid, the intermolecular forces are so strong that molecules cannot slip away. They are kept together in order and are not allowed to move much.
This makes it clear why solids melt on heating and liquids turn into gases when heated. Also, when a gas is cooled, its molecules slow down and eventually condense into a liquid.
Liquids: In a liquid, the molecular motions are not great enough to overcome the force of attraction between the molecules. This is why, the molecules tend to stay together and give a condensed form. However, these forces are not strong enough to prevent the liquid from flowing.
Gases: In a gas, molecules are moving fast. They overcome the molecular force of attraction and move in all directions. This is why, a gas keeps expanding until it fills all the available space.
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