Answer:
The blood passes
through the heart twice through separate pathways for completing one cycle.
This type of circulation is called double circluation
(i) Systemic
circulation
(ii) Pulmonary
circulation
(i) Systemic
circulation: It supplies oxygenated blood from left auricle to left
ventricle, which is pumped to aorta to distribute blood to various body parts.
The deoxygenated blood is collected from the various body organs by the veins
to pour into vena cava and finally into the right atrium (auricle). Right
atrium transfers this blood into the right ventricle.
(ii)
Pulmonary circulation: The deoxygenated blood is pushed by the right ventricle
into the lungs for oxygenation through pulmonary artery. The oxygenated blood
is brought back to left atrium of the human heart through pulmonary vein. From
left atrium, the oxygenated blood is pushed into the left ventricle. The left
ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into aorta for systemic circulation.
These
two types of circulation taken together is called double circulation.
Necessity of Double Circulation; in humans, having four
chambered heart (which consists of two auricle and two ventricle). The left
side and right side of heart is completely separated to prevent the oxygenated
blood from mixing with deoxygenated blood. Such a separation allows a highly
efficient supply of oxygen to the body cells which is necessary for producing a
lot of energy. This energy is useful in case of human beings that have high
energy need because they constantly require energy to maintain their body
temperature.
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