Answer:
Electric
Generator or Dynamo
It is a device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Principle
It works on the principle of the electromagnetic induction,
i.e., when there is a relative change in magnetic field linked with a coil,
there is an induced current in the coil.
Electric generators are of two types
DC generators and AC generators (Alternators).
The diagram of electric generator is shown below
Working
As the coil rotates, the two rings also rotate with the coil.
The brushes P and Q always keep contact with the rotating ring.
When the coil starts rotating with the arm AB moving up
and CD moving down (clockwise) cutting the magnetic lines, then according to
Fleming's right-hand rule, a current is induced in these arms in the direction ABCD.
After a half rotation, arm CD moves down and AD moves up,
hence the direction of current in each segment changes, giving rise to net induced
current in the direction DCBA. Thus, after every rotation polarity of the
current in the respective arm changes, thereby generating an alternating
current. (2)
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