Answer:
(a) A
challenge is not just a problem. It is a difficulty that carries within it an
opportunity for progress.
Once we overcome a challenge, we go upto a higher level than before.
Most of the democracies of the world face the
challenge of expansion and challenge of deepening of
democracy.
Challenge of Deepening This challenge is faced by every democracy
in one form or another. Every democratic country needs to strengthen the institutions
that ensure democracy. This should happen in such a way that people can realise
their expectations of democracy. This involves
(i) Strengthening of the institutions
and practices of democracy.
(ii) Bringing down the control and influence of rich and powerful people
in the making of governmental decision.
Challenge of Expansion Countries already having the
democratic set up face the challenge of expanding it to various social groups
and various institutions. Such countries need to ensure that more and more
social groups, regions and institutions follow democracy in their functioning.
This involves
(i) Ensuring greater power to local
governments.
(ii) Extension of federal principle to all the units of the federations.
(iii) Inclusion of women and minority groups, etc.
It also means that less and less decision should remain
outside the domain of democratic control.
Most countries including India and the US face this kind
of challenge.
(b) From the above statement I have learnt, the values of our
expectations to meet challenges of democracy.
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