Answer:
Coming
together federalism involves independent states coming together on their own to
form a bigger unit. In coming together, units try to increase their security by
pooling sovereignty and retaining identity.
The other way in which a federation can be formed is holding together. In
this system a large power or country decides to divide its power between the
constituent states and the national government.
In such a federation, there is absence of pooling
sovereignty and retaining identity. In this the Central Government is subordinate
to the constituent units. In coming together federalism, all the constituent
units usually have a equal power and are strong vis-a-vis the federal
government. USA, Switzerland and Australia have a coming together federation.
In a holding together federation, the Central Government tends
to be more powerful vis-a-vis the states. Sometimes constituent units of the
federation have unequal powers, e.g., in India, Jammu and Kashmir was granted
special status. India,
Spain and Belgium are examples of holding together federations.
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