Answer:
(i) The most dynamic industries in Britain
were cotton and metal. Cotton was the leading sector. With the expansion of
railways in England and its colonies, the demand for iron and steel increased
rapidly.
(ii) The new industries could not easily
displace traditional industries. Textiles was a dynamic sector, but a large
portion of the output was produced outside factories, within domestic units.
(iii)
The pace of change in the traditional industries was not set by steam powered
cotton or metal industries. Ordinary and small innovations were the basis of
growth in many non-mechanized sectors such as food processing, building,
pottery, glass work, etc.
(iv) Technological changes occurred
slowly. New technology was expensive and merchants and industrialists were
cautious about using it. The machines often broke down and repair was costly.
They were not as effective as their investors claimed.
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