Answer:
(a)
Only a few students passed the school leaving examination so that Vietnamese
student could not qualify for the better paid jobs. It was a deliberate policy
of failing students taken by the French colonial power.
(b) Like other European powers, the French wanted to exploit the natural
resources and other essential goods in her colonies. Vietnam had fertile land
which was suitable for rice and plantation crops. So, they began building
canals and draining land in the Mekong delta region to increase agricultural
production. As a result, production increased manifold and Vietnam became the
third largest exporter of rice in the world.
(c) When the French Principal of the Saigon Native Girls
School expelled the students protesting another student's expulsion,
there was widespread open protests.
Seeing the situation getting out of control, the government
decided to control the intensity of the protests by providing an outlet making
the school take back the expelled students.
(d) Rats were common in the modern, newly built areas of
Hanoi because the sewer system provided an ideal and protected breeding ground
for them.
The large sewers now became the living space
for rats.
Plague
is a disease caused by rats. In 1903, the modern part of Hanoi was struck by
bubonic plague. The main cause for this was the increasing number of rats in large
sewers in the modern part of the city. To control plague the French hired many
Vietnamese workers an they were paid for each rat caught, by them.
However, this proved beneficial to the Vietnamese workers as they were
paid for each tail of the rat as proof.
This shows that the French attitude towards health and hygiene
of the Vietnamese was hypocritical
(i) The modern city with sewerage was made on where the
French lived neglecting the old city areas where the Vietnamese lived.
(ii) The activity of entering the sewers to catch the rats was given to
the Vietnamese, without caring how their health would be affected.
Vietnamese
women played a very significant role in Vietnam war. They were great fighters
and also workers who selflessly worked for their country.
They reflected the following values
(i) Amazing courage (ii) Patriotism
(iii) Sacrifice (iv) Dedication
(v) Nursing spirit
(vi) Organisational skill
(vii) Self-respect and unity
The
colonisation of Vietnam by the French brought the people of the country into
conflict with colonisers in all areas of life. The colonisation snatched many
values from the life of the Vietnam
These are
(i) Preservation of own custom and culture
(ii) Self-respect and dignity
(iii) Right of education
(iv) Religious values
(v) National pride
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