Answer:
United
Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has used the criterion of Human
Development Index to measure the development of countries. HDI is calculated on
the basis of:
(i) Per capita income: When the national income
of the country is divided by its population, we get the per capita income.
(ii) Life expectancy: It measures the
average age of a person in a country. It helps us to know the health facilities
of the country.
(iii) Literacy rate: Education is also one of
the most important criteria for the development of a country.
(iv) Gross enrolment ratio: It
measures the education gained at three levels?at the primary, secondary and
higher education level.
Per capita income is also calculated in dollars for
all countries so that it can be compared easily. HDI has been calculated for
about 177 countries. According to it, the rank of India is 134 and the rank of
Sri Lanka is 97, which is much better than that of India. We are required to
make progress in the education and health sectors as yet.
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