Answer:
A carbocation intermediate is
formed when \[HCl(g)\] reacts with an alcohol in the presence of anhydrous \[ZnC{{l}_{2}}\](dehydrating
agent). Since tertiary carbocation is very stable while primary carbocation is
rather unstable therefore, tertiary alcohols react very fast with Lucas reagent
to form white turbidity immediately while the primary alcohols do not react at
room temperature.
\[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
\\
\\
\text{Alcohol}
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{R-\underset{\centerdot \,\,\centerdot
}{\overset{\centerdot \,\,\centerdot
}{\mathop{O}}}\,-H}}\,+H-Cl\xrightarrow{\,}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
\text{Protonated} \\
\,\,\,\,\text{alcohol}
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{R-\overset{\oplus
}{\mathop{\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
| \\
H
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{O}}\,}}\,-H}}\,\] \[\xrightarrow{\text{Slow}}\,\underset{\begin{align}
& \\
& \\
& \\
& \text{Carbocation} \\
\end{align}}{\mathop{{{R}^{+}}}}\,\,\xrightarrow[Fast]{C{{l}^{-}}}\,\underset{\begin{align}
& \\
& \\
& \\
& \text{Alkyl}\,\,\text{chloride} \\
\end{align}}{\mathop{R-Cl}}\,\]
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