Answer:
HCN is mainly a covalent compound
and cannot provide \[C{{N}^{-}}\] ion readily for the nucleophilic attack on
the carbonyl compound. The reaction is carried in the presence of base which
helps in the ionisation of the acid to liberate \[C{{N}^{-}}\] ion.
\[HCN+O{{H}^{-}}\,\xrightarrow{\,}\,{{H}_{2}}O+C{{N}^{-}}\]
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