question_answer

  Fractional distillation is suitable for separation of miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of about 25 K or less. What part of fractional distillation apparatus makes it efficient and possess an advantage over a simple distillation process? Explain using a diagram.  (i) Under which category of mixtures will you classify alloys and why? (ii) A solution is always a liquid. Comment. (ii) Can a solution be heterogeneous?

Answer:

                  Refer to theory page no. 50. Advantages (i) This method can separate the liquids with a boiling point difference about or less than 25 K.                                                                          (1) (ii) During the process, both evaporation and    condensation    take    place simultaneously.                   (iii) A mixture (like petroleum) can also be separated by fractional distillation process   which   contains   several components.      (1)