Answer:
(i)
Three characteristics of particles of matter are
(a) They are very small in size. (1 /2)
(b) They move faster in gaseous state as compared to solid
or liquid state. (1/2)
(c) They diffuse faster at higher temperature.
(1/2)
For example. Activities showing these three characteristics
(ii) (a) Particles of matter move (diffuse) continuously. (Gases
or vapours diffuse very fast). (1/2)
(b) Liquid state has weak intermolecular forces.
(1/2)
Experiment
Observation
Inference
Take
100 mL water in a beaker and add 2-3 crystals of
to
it.
The
colour of the solution is quite dark.
Transfer
10 mL of the above solution in another beaker and add 90 mL water to it.
The
colour becomes lighter in the second beaker.
After
too much dilution, a slight shade of colour still remains in the solution.
Repeat
the above step thrice i.e., dilute the solution as above.
The
colour of the solution becomes lighter each time.
It
shows that particles are too much small in size.
Take
a bottle of perfume. Smell it when it is closed.
No
smell is reached.
Spray
some perfume after opening the bottle.
A
strong smell is obtained.
Particles
of perfume reach in the gaseous state and diffuse fastly in air.
Dissolve
a crystal of copper sulphate in two beakers- one containing hot water and
other the cold water.
The
rate of dissolution is faster in hot water than in the cold water.
Higher
is the temperature, faster is the movement of particles of matter.
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