returns to the atmosphere.
(c) In the following biogeochemical cycle, name and define
the processes marked as Z, Y and Z.
Answer:
(a) Energy enters into the biosphere through the process
of photosynthesis carried out by plants in the presence of sunlight. Then it
transfers from one trophic level to next.
(b) Natural Process Respiration.
Man-made Process Burning of fuel (coal and petroleum).
(c) (X) Nitrification It is the process of conversion of
ammonia into nitrites and then into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria (Nitrosomonas
and Nitrobacter).
(Y) Ammonification It is the process of ammonia formation
by decomposing dead, complex organic matter. This can be done by microorganism
living in soil, e.g.. Fungi, putrefying bacteria, etc.
(Z) Denitrificadon It is the process of reducing
nitrates or ammonia present in soil to release
nitrogen gas back into atmosphere, e.g.,
Pseudomonas.
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