Answer:
Causes of water pollution are
(i) Rainwater dissolves the fertilisers and pesticides
from agricultural fields and take them to nearby water-bodies, where it causes
harmful effects on aquatic life.
(ii) Dumping of sewage and other wastes into water-bodies.
(iii) Industries use water for cooling in various machines
and later release this water into water-bodies.
This cause sudden change in temperature of water that
affects the breeding of aquatic organisms.
Ways to reduce water pollution are
(i) If sewage and garbage generated by homes and industries
is treated properly before discharging into water sources, it will reduce water
pollution and cause less harm to the aquatic life.
(ii) If hot water generated by the industries is collected
at common place, allowed to cool and then discharged in water-bodies, it will
not affect the breeding capacity of aquatic organisms.
(iii) If commercial areas, factories and industries are shifted
to the isolated area far away from residential areas, it can reduce the effect
of air pollution on people.
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