Answer:
Soil
pollution mainly results from the following sources:
(i) Industrial wastes: wastes discharged from pulp and paper mills,
chemical industries, oil refineries, coal and mining industries, etc., are
responsible for soil pollution.
(ii) Urban wastes: solid wastes and refuse in urban areas
contribute to soil pollution.
(iii) Radioactive pollutants: radioactive substances
resulting from explosions of nuclear devices, atmospheric fallout from nuclear
dust penetrate the soil and pollute it.
(iv) Fertilisers: excessive application of fertilisers to
the soil to increase food and vegetable production causes soil pollution.
(v) Pesticides: different kinds of pesticides used to
control pests cause soil pollution.
(vi) Farm wastes: wastes from cows, cattle, pigs and
poultries are one of the major sources of soil pollution.
(vii) Chemical and metallic pollutants: synthetic
chemicals are a source of trace metals which are added to the soil either
deliberately or as an impurity.
(viii) Biological agents: soil gets large quantities of
human, animal, bird excreta which constitute the major source of soil pollution
by biological agents.
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