Answer:
The electrons are distributed in different orbits in the following
ways
(i) The maximum number of electrons present in a shell is
given by the formula In2, where n is the orbit number or energy
level, 1, 2, 3.......
Therefore, the maximum number of electrons in different
shells are as follows
First orbit or A shell = 2 x 12 = 2
Second orbit or L shell = 2 x 22 = 8
Third orbit or At shell = 2 x 32 = 18
Fourth orbit or N shell = 2 x 42 =32 and, so
on.
(ii) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated
in the outermost orbit is 8.
(iii) Electrons are not accommodated in a given shell, unless
the inner shells are filled, i.e., the shells are filled in a stepwise manner.
(iv) The penultimate shell (i.e., the second last shell) cannot
accommodate more than 18 electrons.
(v) The anti-penultimate shell (i.e., the third last
shell) can have a maximum of 32 electrons.
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