Answer:
(i)
Water gathers in the hollowed portion of B and C because of the process o endosmosis
(moving in of the solvent). The potato wall acts as s semipermeable membrane.
As the cups B and C are filled with sugar and salt respectively and their outer
part is in contact with the water, the coricentration of water outside the cups
is higher than inside the cups. So, water moves from its higher concentration
towards the lower concentration, i.e., inside the cup Potato A acts as a
control of the experiment. It is very necessary for comparing the results of
the experiment. It shows that if the concentration of water is same on both
sides, there will be no movement of water.
(ii) Water does not gather
in the hollowed out portions of A as it does no contain hypertonic solution so
there is no concentration difference am hence no movement of solvent. Water does
not gather in the cup D as the cells of boiled potato are dead and the potato
wall is no longer semipermeable. Hence, no osmosis occurs.
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