Answer:
Disease
is defined as a condition of the body or a part of it in which the normal body
functions are disturbed. The main causes of diseases are:
(ii) Biological agents which are disease-causing microorganisms or
pathogens like viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans , etc.
(iii) Physical agents like heat, cold, radiation,
humidity, pressure, electricity, sound, etc.
(iv) Mechanical agents such as chronic friction as well as
other mechanical forces that cause injuries, trauma and fractures, etc.
(iv) Chemical agents which are of two types:
(a) Endogenous chemical agents which are formed in the
body, like urea, uric acid, etc.
(b) Exogenous chemical agents which enter the body of the
individual from outside, like metals, spores and pollens, etc.
(v) Inherited diseases: Some diseases are because of the
hereditary reasons, disturbance in chromosomes or genes.
(vi) Social agents which may cause mental disorders.
(vii) Deficiency diseases are caused by insufficiency,
absence or excess of a nutrient necessary for health.
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