Answer:
(i)
When grazing lands were taken over and turned into cultivated fields, the
available area of pastureland declined. Due to reservation of forests, cattle
herders could no longer freely let their cattle graze in the forests.
(ii) As pasturelands disappeared under the plough, the existing animal
stock had to feed on whatever grazing land remained. This led to continuous intensive
grazing of these pastures, which did not allow time for the natural restoration
of vegetation growth.
(iii) This ultimately led to shortage of forests for
animals and deterioration of animal stock. Underfed cattle died in large
numbers during scarcities and famines.
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