Answer:
(a) The Himalayan uplift out of the Tethys sea and subsidence
of the Northern flank of the Peninsular plateau resulted in the formation of a
large basin.
In course of time, this depression gradually got filled
with deposition of sediments from rivers flowing from the mountains in the
North and led to formation of the fertile Northern plains.
(b) They spread over an area of 7 lakh square km. The plains
are about 2400 km long and 240-230 km broad.
(c) It is a densely populated and an intensively cultivated
area.
(d) With its adequate water supply and favourable climate,
it is agriculturally a very productive part of India.
(e) The Northern plains are broadly divided into 3
sections.
(f) The Western part of the Northern plains is called the
Punjab plain, formed by the Indus and its tributaries.
(g) The Ganga Plain extends between the Ghaggar and the
Tista rivers, spread over the states of Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar and West
Bengal.
(h) The Brahmaputra plain lies to the East of the Ganga
plains. It covers the areas of Asom and Arunachal Pradesh.
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