Answer:
The
Peninsular plateau is a table land composed of the old crystalline, igneous and
metamorphic rocks. It was formed due to breaking and drifting of the Gondwana
land and thus making it a part of oldest landmass. This plateau has broad and shallow
valleys and rounded hills. The Peninsular plateau consist of two broad
divisions, namely, the Central Highlands and the Deccan plateau.
Central Highlands
(i) The part of the Peninsular plateau lying to the North
of the Narmada River covering a major area of the Malwa plateau is known as the
Central Highlands.
(ii) The Vindhyan range is bounded by the Central
Highlands on the South and the Aravalis on the North-West. The Westward extension
gradually merges with the sandy and rocky desert of Rajasthan.
(iii) The flow of the rivers draining this region namely
the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and Ken is from South-West to North-East, thus
indicating the slope.
(iv) The Central Highlands are wider in West, but narrower
in the East.
(v) The Eastward extensions of this plateau are locally
known as the Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand. The Chhotanagpur plateau marks the
further Eastward extensions drained by the Damodar river.
Deecan Plateau
This triangular area lies South of the Narmada.
The Satpura mountain range marks its broad boundary in
North. The plateau is separated from the hills in the North-East by a
geological
fault. The hills are Garo, Khasi and Jaintia.
The Western Ghats cause orographic rain by facing the rain
bearing moist monsoon winds to rise along the Western slopes of Ghats.
The parts of the plateau known as Deccan traps contains
black soil of volcanic origin.
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