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Directions : (1 - 5)
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
In the last century an all-round development in various fields significantly improved the quality of life of the people. However, increased health facilities along with better living conditions had an explosive impact on the growth of population. The world population which was around 2 billion (2000 million) in 1900 rocketed to about 6 billions by 2000 and 7.2 billion in 2011. A similar trend was observed in India too. Our population which was approximately 350 million at the time of our independence reached close to the billion mark by 2000 and crossed 1 billion in May 2000. That means, every sixth person in the world is an Indian. According to latest census 2011 our population is 1.21 billion. A rapid decline in death rate, maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) as well as an increase in number of people in reproducible age are probable reasons for this. Through our RCH programmes, though we could bring down the population growth rate, it was only marginal. According to the 2001 census report, the population growth rate was still around 1.7 percent, i.e., 17/1000/year, a rate at which our population could double in 33 years. According to be 2011 census report, the population growth rate was less than 2 percent i.e., 20/1000/year, a rate at which our population could increase rapidly.
POPULATION STATISTICS IN INDIA
S. No	Statistics	1901	2001	2011
1.	Death Rate (Mortality)	44.1/1000	8.7/1000	7.48/1000
2.	Birth Rate (Natality)	45.8/1000	26.1/100	20.97/1000
3.	Rate of Population Growth	0.17%	1.7%	1.35%
Such an alarming growth rate could lead to an absolute scarcity of even the basic requirements, i.e., food, shelter and clothing, in spite of significant progress made in those areas. Therefore, the government was forced to take up serious measures to check this population growth rate. The most important step to overcome this problem is to motivate smaller families by using various contraceptive methods. You might have seen advertisements in the media as well as posters or bills, etc., showing a happy couple with two children with a slogan Hum Do Hamare Do i.e., we two, our two. Many couples, mostly the young, urban, working ones have even adopted an 'one child norm'. Statutory raising of marriageable age of the female to 18 years and that of males to 21 years, and incentives given to couples with small families are two of the other measures taken to tackle this problem.

According to Census 2011, population of India is -

A) 1.21 million

B) 1.21 billion

C) 2.21 million

D) 2.21 billion