JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Question Bank Critical Thinking

  • question_answer
    Cards are drawn one by one at random from a well shuffled full pack of 52 cards until two aces are obtained for the first time. If N is the number of cards required to be drawn, then  \[{{P}_{r}}\{N=n\},\] where \[2\le n\le 50,\] is                    [CEE 1993; IIT 1983]

    A)                 \[\frac{(n-1)\,(52-n)\,(51-n)}{50\times 49\times 17\times 13}\]     

    B)                 \[\frac{2\,(n-1)\,(52-n)\,(51-n)}{50\times 49\times 17\times 13}\]

    C)                 \[\frac{3\,(n-1)\,(52-n)\,(51-n)}{50\times 49\times 17\times 13}\] 

    D)                 \[\frac{4(n-1)\,(52-n)\,(51-n)}{50\times 49\times 17\times 13}\]

    Correct Answer: A

    Solution :

               Here the least number of draws to obtain 2 aces are 2 and the maximum number is 50 thus \[n\] can take value from 2 to 50.            Since we have to make \[n\] draws for getting two aces, in \[(n-1)\] draws, we get any one of the 4 aces and in the \[{{n}^{th}}\] draw we get one ace. Hence the required probability \[=\frac{{}^{4}{{C}_{1}}\times {}^{48}{{C}_{n-2}}}{{}^{52}{{C}_{n-1}}}\times \frac{3}{52-(n-1)}\]            \[=\frac{4\times (48)\,!}{(n-2)\,!\,(48-n+2)\,!}\times \frac{(n-1)\,!\,(52-n+1)\,!}{(52)\,!}\times \frac{3}{52-n+1}\]                 \[=\frac{(n-1)(52-n)(51-n)}{50\times 49\times 17\times 13}\]   (on simplification).


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