JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Question Bank Critical Thinking

  • question_answer
    Odds 8 to 5 against a person who is 40 years old living till he is 70 and 4 to 3 against another person now 50 till he will be living 80. Probability that one of them will be alive next 30 years                                   [MNR 1986]

    A)                 \[\frac{59}{91}\]  

    B)                 \[\frac{44}{91}\]

    C)                 \[\frac{51}{91}\]  

    D)                 \[\frac{32}{91}\]

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

               Probability [Person \[A\] will die in 30 years] \[=\frac{8}{8+5}\]            \[P(A)=\frac{8}{13}\Rightarrow P(\bar{A})=\frac{5}{13}\]            Similarly, \[P(B)=\frac{4}{7}\Rightarrow P(\bar{B})=\frac{3}{7}\]            There are two ways in which one person is alive after 30 years. \[\bar{A}B\] and \[A\bar{B}\] and event are independent.            So,  required probability                        \[=P(\bar{A})\,.\,P(B)+P(A)\,.\,P(\bar{B})\]\[=\frac{5}{13}\times \frac{4}{7}+\frac{8}{13}\times \frac{3}{7}=\frac{44}{91}.\]


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