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With reference to the Agreement at the UNFCCC Meeting in Paris in 2015, which of the following statements is/are correct? (IAS Prelims 2016)

1.  The Agreement was signed by all the member countries of the UN and it will go into effect in

2017.

2.  The Agreement aims to limit the greenhouse gas emissions so that the rise in average global temperature by the end of this century does not exceed  or even  above pre-industrial levels.

3. Developed countries acknowledged their historical responsibility in global warming and committed to donate $ 1000 billion a year from 2020 to help developing countries to cope with climate change.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

A)  1 and 3 only                

B)  2 only

C)  2 and 3 only                

D)  1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: B

Solution :

(i) The agreement emphasized on urgent need to address the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Parties' mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below above preindustrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to  above preindustrial levels. (ii) Paris Summit - not all nations have signed the agreement and there is no deadline to ratify it. Hence, statement 1 is wrong. This eliminates A and b. And developed countries committed to give 100 billion by 2020. But, for future, there is no mention of giving 1,000 billion dollars. Therefore, third statement wrong. We are left with Answer [b] only.