JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Determinants & Matrices Question Bank Expansion of determinants, Solution of equation in the form of determinants and properties of determinants

  • question_answer
    \[\left| \,\begin{matrix}    x+1 & x+2 & x+4  \\    x+3 & x+5 & x+8  \\    x+7 & x+10 & x+14  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|=\]    [MNR 1985; UPSEAT 2000]

    A) 2

    B) - 2

    C) \[{{x}^{2}}-2\]

    D) None of these

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

      \[\Delta =\left| \,\begin{matrix}    -1 & -2 & x+4  \\    -2 & -3 & x+8  \\    -3 & -4 & x+14  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|,\] by \[\begin{align}   & {{C}_{1}}\to {{C}_{1}}-{{C}_{2}} \\  & {{C}_{2}}\to {{C}_{2}}-{{C}_{3}} \\ \end{align}\]  = \[{{A}^{3}}={{A}^{2}}A=\left[ \,\begin{matrix}    2 & 3 & 1  \\    5 & 6 & 2  \\    3 & 4 & 1  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right]\,\,\left[ \,\begin{matrix}    1 & 1 & 0  \\    1 & 2 & 1  \\    2 & 1 & 0  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right]\], by \[\begin{align}   & {{C}_{2}}\to {{C}_{2}}-{{C}_{1}} \\  & {{C}_{3}}\to {{C}_{3}}+4{{C}_{1}} \\ \end{align}\] \[=-(-x-2+x)+1\,.\,(-2x-4+3x)+x(2-3)\] = \[2+x-4-x=-2\]. Trick: Put\[{{C}_{2}}\]. Then \[\left| \,\begin{matrix}    2 & 3 & 5  \\    4 & 6 & 9  \\    8 & 11 & 15  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|=-2\] Note: Since there is a option ?None of these?, therefore we should check for one more different value of x. Put \[x=-1\]. \[\left| \,\begin{matrix}    0 & 1 & 3  \\    2 & 4 & 7  \\    6 & 9 & 13  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|=-1(26-42)+3(18-24)=-2\] Therefore answer is (b).


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