Answer:
Individual interest groups generally function in a pragmatic and opportunistic fashion, using any method or technique which they believe will serve their purpose effectively. The techniques and tactics which any particular group uses to put pressure on government will be determined largely by factors like:
(Any four)
- Size of the Group
- Quality of leadership and staff
- Relation with the political parties and other organised groups.
(i) Electioneering: Elections are an object of primary concern to interest groups as these afford them an opportunity of pushing their 'favoured' men into the agencies of adminstrative mechanism. They use all means to get tickets for their own candidates and finance political parties. This technique is labelled as "electioneering."
(ii) Conference and Seminars: Conference, seminars, debates, etc., are organised by powerful pressure groups where legisators and administrators are also invited. By these they try to influence the government as well as the opinion.
(iii) Political parties: The medium of political parties is used by these groups to further their interest. Interest group pressure is sometimes exerted through political parties and Trade unions.
(iv) Mass demonstration : Interest groups of students, teachers, government servants, and various trade unions often resort to mass demonstrations, hartals, strikes, and civil disobedience.
(v) Rasta Roko: Sometimes, Rasta Roko, rallies and other types of stir are resorted to by peasants and Kissan Sabhas to put pressure on government.
(vi) Propagandising: Lastly nowadays the use of media-both press and electronic-is increasing. This is used by the pressure groups to create and articulate public opinion. Pressure groups or Interest groups try to influence the experts, news makers and producers to give more coverage to their activities and to present their case favorably. This technique is called "Propagandising".
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