Answer:
Political parties have their merits and demerits which are as follows: Merits:
Demerits: At the same time political parties have demerits too.
Promote Unity in Diversity: Political parties aggregate and unite like-minded people belonging to diverse backgrounds to form a wide coalition of people giving unity in diversity.
Impart Political Education: Political parties educate the people politically by popularising the manifesto through campaigning and also by quizzing the government inside the Parliament.
Check the Government: Opposition political parties check the government from becoming corrupt and dictatorial through different means.
Mediate Between Pressure Groups: Political parties mediate between different pressure groups which represent various interests. They strike a compromise between demands of the different groups so as to satisfy the maximum number of them.
Promote national politics: Political parties alone make it possible for the enormous electorate to function effectively.
Overcentralisation: Political party leaders and bosses become so powerful and dominant that they start acting like dictators in the party, shifting the-democratic participation of its members. This leads to the ovcrcentralisation and personalisation.
Corruption and malpractices: Since political parties are obsessed with coming to power, it increases corruption, as the parties will use all possible means to capture votes.
Encourages casteism and communalism: Many political parties encourage casteism and communalism etc. They keep the factors of castes, religion, alive as they act like their vote bank.
Create Factionalism: Sometimes political parties divide people on artificial lines and even the nation into hostile and antagonistic camps. Thus they create factionalism.
Absence of individual independence: The party discipline leaves no room for individual independence. The members become a cog in the party machinery always moving with the whole mechanism but never independently.
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