Answer:
(a) In many ways, the Second World War was more destructive than the First World War. Over 50 million people perished in the Second World War. Of them about 22 million were soldiers and over 28 million civilians. (b) Many countries lost a large percentage of their population. For example, Poland lost six million people i.e., 20% of their population, the Soviet Union lost 10% of their population. Germany lost over six million people, about 10% of her population. (c) 12 million people lost their lives in concentration camps or as a result of the terror unleashed by the fascists. The fascists converted a large part of Europe into a vast graveyard and a slave-camp. (d) Almost six million Jews perished in the Nazi extermination camps. In many places like the Ukraine and the Baltic states, they were shot in thousands and buried in mass graves. (e) People were burnt in gas chambers. There were mass massacres. Prisoners were made to dig mass graves, were shot and then buried in those graves. The kinds of tortures and brutalities that the fascists perpetrated had no precedent. Inhuman medical experiments were conducted by Japanese doctors and scientists on human beings causing many casualties. (f) Many new weapons of destruction were devised and used in the Second World War. The most dreadful being the atom bomb. Atom bombs were dropped 01 Nagasaki and Hiroshima. These two bombs killed over 320,000 people and completely wiped out large part of these cities.
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