question_answer

Discuss Historical background to explain mental disorders.

Answer:

Ans.     1. Supernatural Approach—refers to removing the evil from the individual through counter magic and prayer known as Exorcism. It is based on a belief that supernatural and magical forces such as evil spirits cause mental disorders.

2. Biological or Organic Approach—According to this approach, body and brain processes are related and cause many types of maladaptive behaviour.

3. Psychological Approach—According to this approach, psychological problems are caused by inadequacies related to thinking, feeling or perceiving the world.

4. Organismic Approach—this approach was developed in ancient Greece by Hippocrates, Socrates and in particular Plato. They believed that disorders arise due to conflicts between emotion and reason.

5. Galen emphasized on the role of the four humours in personal character in temperament. According to him problem in body fluids such as blood, black by, yellow by, cause disorders. This approach is very similar to Indian theory of Tri-doshas of vata, pitta and kapha.

6. Interactional or Bio-psycho-social Approach—According to this perspective on three factors i.e., biological, psychological and social, in combination play important role in development of mental disorders.