Answer:
Difference between Horizontal division of powers and Vertical division of powers.
Horizontal Division of Powers
Vertical Divisions of Powers
(i) Horizontal Division of powers is such a power sharing arrangement in which power is shared among different organs of government such as, legislature, executive and judiciary.
(i) In Vertical Division of powers, power can be shared among governments at different levels like union, state and local levels of government, i.e., it involves higher and lower levels of government.
(ii) In horizontal division of powers, different organs of government exercise different powers, i.e., there is a concept of separation of powers,
(ii) Whereas, in vertical division of powers, constitution clearly lays down the powers of different levels of government.
(iii) Horizontal distribution specifies the concept of checks and balances in order to check the exercises of unlimited powers of the organs.
(iii) But, there is no such concept of checks and balances in the vertical Division because powers are clearly given by the constitution from the higher level to the lower level.
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