Answer:
(a) Surat is renowned for its textile industry it is also known as the textile capital of India and Manchester of the East. Since ancient times, it became a centre of trade and manufacturing textiles. There were cotton mills, and there were special manufactures of silk, brocade and gold embroidery, known as Jari. The city flourished with many spinning and weaving mills and textile factories (b) Machilipatnam was one of most prominent cities and considered to be a major sea port of Golconda Kingdom. The Emperor of Delhi defeated the. Golconda kings and conquered the port. However, the port did not develop further due to natural calamities and wars. During the Carnatic wars, the English were temporarily expelled from the town. The Trading companies established themselves in other port towns like Madras, Bombay and Calcutta. The decline in trade led to the downfall of Machilipatnam.
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